Sewage Water Treatment Plant & Company in Pune

Sewage Water Treatment

Sewage water treatment is the process of removing contaminants from waste water and household sewage water.
Physical, biological and sometimes chemical processes are utilized to eliminate pollutants. The main benefit of sewage water treatment is that it gives environmentally safe sewage water, called effluent, and a solid waste, called sludge or biosolids that is suitable for disposal or reuse. Reuse is often used for agricultural purposes and more recently sludge is also being used as a fuel source.
Water that is discharged from manufacturing, farming, houses (toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks), and hospitals, commercial and industrial sites is reduced in quality because of contaminating elements. The water contains pollutants such as organic wastes, suspended solids, bacteria, nitrates, and phosphates and must be removed.
In order to ensure that the waste water is safe for reuse or safe to return to the environment it is significant that the concentration of contaminants must be reduced to a safe level. This is where Sewage Water Treatment is essential.

Sewage Water Treatment Processes Fall Into Two Basic Types

Anaerobic Sewage Treatment

This process is based on the treatment of sewage water by a process called anaerobic digestion. During anaerobic digestion process, the organic matter in the waste water is converted to biogas, a mix of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and a nutrient rich sludge.
Biogas has the potential to be transformed into heat or power and therefore it makes for a good a renewable energy source. The sludge is rich in nutrients and can be composted and used to fertilise soil in agriculture. Typical biogas sanitation technologies are biogas settlers, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, anaerobic baffled reactors (ABRs) and anaerobic filters for municipal waste waters; and biogas reactors (batch, fed-batch PFR or CSTR) for the treatment of slurries and solid organic wastes from agriculture and industry.

Aerobic Sewage Treatment

Aerobic Sewage Treatment is the process where aerobic bacteria digest the pollutants. In order to promote an aerobic bacterial colony, it is necessary to provide air for the bacteria to breathe.
A sewage treatment plant has air continuously expelled to the Biozone either with direct Surface Aeration using Impellers propelled by pumps which whisk the surface of the liquid with air, or by Submerged Diffused Aeration using blowers for air supply through bubble diffusers at the bottom of the tank. Modern aerobic sewage systems use natural air currents and do not require electricity. This type of system is only used for small scale sewage systems. An aerobic bacterial colony forms when there are aerobic conditions. This gives rise to almost complete oxidation and digestion of organic matter and organic pollutants to Carbon Dioxide, Water and Nitrogen, thus eliminating the odour and pollution problems. The effluent produced by this process is non-polluting and can be discharged to a watercourse.
Conventional sewage water treatment involves either two or three stages: the stages are primary, secondary and tertiary treatment. Before the start of these treatments rags, cloths, sanitary items, etc. are removed.
It is essential for sewers to be emptied due to the increasing use of water by people. Therefore, sewage treatment is important. Sewage Water Treatment ensures the water diverted into the local water ways such as rivers is safe and clean. The process is done to ensure it does not cause harm to the people or the aquatic life.

Pre-treatment

This is the very in the process of treating waste water just before the actual treatment. The treatment is divided into two parts: the first one involves screening of large materials such as bottles, cans, logs and rags and the second part uses a comminutor, a mechanical device that has cutting edges to reduce solids to smaller particles.
Then, the water is passed through the grit chamber. The grit chamber allows for smaller solid materials such as sand, pebbles and broken glass to be removed. This step is necessary since it prevents large waste material from entering into the water treatment plant, which can lead to clogging or blockages.

Primary Treatment

A primary treatment is usually anaerobic. During this treatment, the solids are separated from the sewage and they settle out at the base of a primary settlement tank. The anaerobic process reduces the volume of sludge continuously. This results in lesser volume of mass when compared to the actual volume entering the system.
The primary settlement tank has the sludge removed when it is about 30% of the tank volume.

Secondary Treatment

The secondary treatment is aerobic. The liquid from the primary treatment comprises dissolved and biological matter. This is gradually converted into clean water by using indigenous, water-borne aerobic micro-organisms and bacteria which digest the pollutants. Almost all the time, this effluent is clean enough to be discharged directly into the rivers.

Tertiary Treatment

The secondary treatment eliminates most bacteria and viruses but sometimes, in certain cases the effluent resulting from secondary treatment is not clean enough to be discharged. The reason may be because the stream or river it is being discharged into is very sensitive, has rare plants and animals or is already polluted by someone’s septic tank.
Tertiary treatment involves the final cleaning process that improves waste water quality before it is reused, recycled or discharged to the environment. The treatment removes remaining inorganic compounds, and substances, such as the nitrogen and phosphorus.

Sludge Treatment

The residue that collects in a sewage treatment plant is called sludge (or biosolids). It is rich in nutrients and can be made use for various uses. Sludge can be used as fertilizer for plants. In addition, further alternative processes can lead to the production of energy that can be added to the areas’ energy grid.

Sewage Water Treatment

Sewage Water Treatment Company in Pune